I was really excited to see we would be discussing queer theory in this class this semester, because I am taking a sociology class all about queer theory. It really is amazing how long homosexual behavior (by todays standards) has been around. But really, before the twentieth century, “homosexuality” was not even a word, let alone a means of identifying oneself. “Homosexuality has been conceived of as an innate or acquired identity only in the last century and a half” (Meem, Gibson, Alexander, 2010, p.11). In many ancient civilizations, “homosexual” behavior was perfectly normal and a major part of their society. in ancient Greece, “the social and sexual relationship between an older man and a youth represented the ideal form of love” (Meem et al. 2010, p. 12). Really, until heterosexuality became a social concept and began being a way of identifying oneself sexually, homosexuality was not a social concept, or even that deviant really.
I had never heard the story of Fred Martinez until this class, however. After reading about his story, I found myself deeply saddened and disturbed. I also found myself cursing the asshole who was this close minded and ignorant to do such a horrible thing to such a unique person. And then I began thinking about the impact it must have had on his community…and community who held his two-spirits in high regard, and had done so for centuries. “in traditional Native society it is that gender flexibility in any individual is welcomed as a rare and precious aspect of human experience, a special talent to live life in a fresh, spontaneously authentic way that enriches and empowers the lives of all in the community. It is a lasting testament to the psychological sophistication of Native tribes that they recognized two-spirit people as being engines of creativity, change and innovation” (Calimach, 2000, par 14). Fuck yes, this is a lasting testament to the psychological sophistication of Native tribes! And to think they are the Native tribe of our beautiful country! So how did these two cultures come away with two compltetly different views on the same thing that naturally happens in both cultures?
That was something else I absolutely loved: The fact that in these native tribes, two-spirits are believed to be born that way. This is something our culture has been highly debated. “Terry Calling Eagle, a Lakota man, recounts: “Winktes have to be born that way. People know that a person is going to become a winkte very early in his life.”(Calimach, 2000, par 9). I loved that whole idea to death, and I love that it is a century old concept. These two spirit people were revered highly in their society. And one of them, named Fred Martinez, was brutally murdered, because of who he was.
Homosexuality and heterosexuality alike are modern concepts. They are also modern ways of identifying people sexually. People are not taught to be heterosexual; they are taught to be anything but heterosexual. And we all know that homosexuality is considered deviant in our culture and society. If only mainstream America held the views of our Native tribes, I think we would all be in a better place.
Andrew Calimach, World History of Male Love, “Homosexual Traditions”, The Two-Spirit Traditon, 2000 <http://www.gay-art-history.org/gay-history/gay-customs/native-american-homosexuality/two-spirit-native-american-gay.html>
Meem, D., Gibson, M., Alexander J. (2010). Finding Out. Sage Publications; Thousand Oaks, California.
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